New Zealand Law Review, 2021, 2021(1), 109-140

Young adults are increasingly recognised as a distinct group, both in society and in the context of the criminal justice system. This article explores the evidence which highlights the distinct characteristics of young adults, and the principle supporting differential treatment of this age cohort. Consideration is given to the existing provisions that cater for young adults, including the newly established Young Adult List Court. Particular focus is given to assessing the efficacy of discounts provided for age under the Sentencing Act 2002. Two potential conceptual models for reform are canvassed. Processes and responses available under the current youth justice system may be extended where appropriate; such an approach has been adopted by several overseas jurisdictions. Alternatively, a distinct "third system" may be established with procedures and outcomes developed specifically for young adults. (Authors' abstract). Record #7762